Embedded Systems

 







1. What is system ?

Ans: A system is an arrangement in which all its unit assemble work together according to a set of rules. It can also be defined as a way of working, organizing or doing one or many tasks according to a fixed plan.


2. What are the three components of the embedded system ?

Ans: An embedded system has three components −

  • It has hardware.

  • It has application software.

  • It has Real Time Operating system (RTOS) that supervises the application software and provide mechanism to let the processor run a process as per scheduling by following a plan to control the latencies.

3. What are the characteristics of an embedded System ?

Ans: Characteristics of an Embedded System

  • Single-functioned − An embedded system usually performs a specialized operation and does the same repeatedly. For example: A pager always functions as a pager.

  • Tightly constrained − All computing systems have constraints on design metrics, but those on an embedded system can be especially tight.

4. What are the advantages & disadvantages of an Embedded System ?

Ans: Advantages

  • Easily Customizable

  • Low power consumption

  • Low cost

  • Enhanced performance

Disadvantages

  • High development effort

  • Larger time to market

5. What is the basic structure of an embedded system ?

Ans: Basic Structure of an Embedded System

Sensor − It measures the physical quantity and converts it to an electrical signal which can be read by an observer or by any electronic instrument like an A2D converter. A sensor stores the measured quantity to the memory.

  • A-D Converter − An analog-to-digital converter converts the analog signal sent by the sensor into a digital signal.

  • Processor & ASICs − Processors process the data to measure the output and store it to the memory.

  • D-A Converter − A digital-to-analog converter converts the digital data fed by the processor to analog data

  • Actuator − An actuator compares the output given by the D-A Converter to the actual (expected) output stored in it and stores the approved output.

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